Healthy techniques to slash calories without cutting flavor
Selecting wholesome, nutritious foods is the first step to creating a healthy, lowfat meal. But ingredients are just part of the process. The preparation and cooking techniques you use to turn those ingredients into a meal are equally important. For instance, when you switch from pan-frying to roasting, or from sautéing to stir-frying, you dodge countless calories and fat grams. When you use tofu in place of meat, you not only cut fat but you save on cooking time, too, because tofu takes just a few minutes to heat through. With tofu you'll also be getting a dietary dose of soy isoflavones, which may reduce the risk of some kinds of breast and ovarian cancer, ease hot flashes and may impede the growth of tumors. So, this month, try these new techniques. You might like the results so much that tofu, stir-fry and roasted fish could become new habits.
1. Technique: stir-frying
Stir-frying is a
great lowfat cooking technique because it calls for keeping the
ingredients moving constantly in the pan, so very little oil is
needed to prevent sticking. Oil is mostly used to add flavor. To
start, set a wok or wide skillet over high heat until hot. Add
seasonings like garlic and ginger first, followed by meat, then
vegetables. (Meat is often cooked first, then removed so the
drippings can flavor the vegetables; the meat is returned to the
wok at the end.) But stir-fries do not require meat: You can whip
up a satisfying vegetarian meal in minutes. The trick to the
perfect stir-fry is preparation: cut and measure all ingredients
before the wok is hot; once cooking starts there's little time
for anything else. Constant stirring is critical so that all
ingredients come in frequent contact with the hot pan.
2. Technique: roasting fish
Roasting, especially at 450° F or higher, is an excellent (though
not commonly used) way to prepare fish. Roasting involves minimum
prep work and little or no added fat, and you can pop the dish in
and let the oven do all the work (vs. the constant attention
pan-cooking demands). Roasting is best for whole fish (such as
trout, red snapper and grouper), fish steaks (such as tuna and
salmon) and thick fillets (such as cod, flounder and monkfish). You
can roast any variety of fish, but note that thin fish fillets will
cook in just a few minutes. The technique is lowfat because very
little, if any, fat is added to the pan. The flesh will remain
moist while the outside becomes a golden, crisp, flavorful
crust.
Before roasting, make three to four 2-inch-long, 1/4-inch-deep, evenly spaced slits along the top (either whole fish or fillets), so the marinade can permeate the flesh. These slits will also make it easier to determine when the fish is finished: The flesh should turn opaque throughout. You can also roast fish on a bed of vegetables (zucchini, tomatoes, onions, bell peppers), which will cook right along with the fish.
3. Technique: pressing tofu
There are two
reasons to press tofu: to remove water and to compact the bean
curd. Pressing tofu eliminates any crumbliness (a quality many
people dislike), and the result is a wonderfully springy soybean
cutlet. Tofu is a lowfat form of protein compared to animal meat
protein (3 ounces of firm tofu contains 2 grams of unsaturated fat
vs. 6 grams of fat, 2.4 of which are saturated, in a 3-ounce lean
sirloin steak). Pressing tofu is a fun technique to add to your
lowfat cooking repertoire because it changes the consistency of the
tofu, making it denser and chewier and giving it a more
"meatlike" mouthfeel. To press a block of firm or
extra-firm tofu (firm and extra-firm tofu contain less water than
the soft varieties, so they retain their shape and are better
suited for this technique; soft tofu is better for dressings, dips,
puddings and shakes), first pat the tofu block with paper towels to
dry it. Wrap the tofu in a clean cotton kitchen towel, place it in
a shallow pan (to collect any water) and then top the tofu with a
heavy cutting board. Top the cutting board with pots (to weigh the
board down). Let the tofu stand for 30-60 minutes (depending on how
compact you want the block to be); drain the pan halfway through
pressing, if necessary. Use this technique before marinating and
grilling tofu, or before adding the tofu to stir-fries, stews,
casseroles and salads.
For more calorie cutters, go to Shape.com.
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