Vitamin D: Who Should Take a Supplement

Vitamin D provides a wide range of health benefits. It is effective in preventing rickets and treating other bone diseases such as osteoporosis. According to the Mayo Clinic, getting enough vitamin D may prevent high blood pressure and protect against certain types of cancer. It may also promote weight loss for women. A growing body of research links heart health to sufficient vitamin D. Most recently, a large-scale study in the American Journal of Cardiology discovered that boosting vitamin D levels in heart patients who were deficient cut their risk of death by 60%, among other significant findings.

Related link: 6 Heart disease risk factors

Getting enough vitamin D

It's estimated that 30-50% of Americans suffer from vitamin D deficiency. The human body produces vitamin D, which is actually a hormone, when exposed to sunlight. However, during the winter, it is impossible to get enough exposure anywhere north of San Francisco or Philadelphia. People in southern states who slather on sun block or who stay indoors most of the time may not be getting enough either. The same goes for people who are housebound due to illness or whose work keeps them inside all day. In addition to lack of sunshine, other conditions may increase likelihood of vitamin D deficiency:

Infants who are exclusively breastfed. Mother's milk may not provide sufficient levels. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a supplement of 400 IU per day.

Older adults. The elderly do not synthesize vitamin D as effectively as younger people and tend to spend more time indoors.

People with dark skin. The pigment melanin can reduce the body's ability to produce vitamin D from sunlight.

Obese people. Body fat alters the way vitamin D is released into the system.

Choosing a vitamin D supplement

If you are shopping for a supplement, research suggests that vitamin D3 is more effective than vitamin D2. Food sources rich in vitamin D include cod liver oil, fatty fish (such as mackerel), eggs, and fortified milk and orange juice.

There is some debate over how much vitamin D to take. The National Institutes of Health recommends 600 IU per day for adults but some experts say that taking a supplement that contains between 1000-2000 IU can be beneficial. Its important to stay within the appropriate range--there is a toxicity risk at over 10,000 IU. The best way to determine how much you might need is to have your physician administer a simple blood test and make a recommendation based on the current level in you system.

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1,334 comments

  • ArnoldG  •  New York, New York  •  4 months ago
    The NIH recommendation of 600 IU is grossly inadequate. Most Nutritionally Oriented Medical Doctors recommend a D-hydroxy vitamin D in the range of 50-80 ng/ml. Mine was only 31 in the summer after running a half marathon (13.1 miles) in the blazing sun without sunscreen.
    I now took a supplement of 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 and got it up to 53, now I am increasing to 10.000 IU. Although theoretically vitamin D is fat soluble and can accumulate, some doctors say they have never seen it in 30 years of practice.
  • cheerfuldk2000  •  5 months ago
    Hi,

    I had lack of sleep and hectic schedule 6 months back, leading to severe constipation and one night when going to bathroom, I fell down on my face losing my front teeth. I had a blood test done and I have been put on 2000 IU Vitamin D medicine since then and have been asked to take it lifelong. I am already a thyroid patient and now the vitamin d deficiency is an add on. At 37, this was not I wanted. So people, please don't stress out or overwork. It comes at a price of your health.
    • Elaine 5 months ago
      So glad you found the source of your problem. Hopefully some of us can learn from your experience. Thanks for sharing.
    • Faye 5 months ago
      I don't think the source of your trouble was stress. Rather, the source of the intensity of your stress afffecting your body was vitamin D deficiency. I am an RN, and no matter how stressed or anxious you were at 37 & overworked, that alone wouldnt make you fall down. The extreme fatigue you were suffering made that happen, and that was likely due to vitamin D deficiency &/or the thyroid issue. That's what caused your sleep issues and fatigue. I'm glad your MD figured it out.
    • Gaga 5 months ago
      Yes, Faye, you are an RN, not a doc, so, you cannot diagnose somebody.
  • Sean  •  5 months ago
    I've never posted before but I thought this would be an important one to comment on. In addition to the health benefits and issues for the lack of Vitamin D there is one addtional issue that ties into Vitamin D....Multiple Schlerosis. I was diagnosed with MS about 8 months ago. One of the issues that was brought up was a large lack of Vitamin D. Recent studies have found that people diagnosed with MS lived in areas commonly north of the equator in areas with less potent sun exposure....makes you think huh? I was told for most of my life to stay out of the sun or wear tons of 40 sunblock because of the chance of skin cancer...isn't it ironic...don't you think?
    • Shasha 5 months ago
      I have MS...not eating gluten/dairy/soy/sugar....taking vitamins/good oils and LDN may help. EDTA/DMPS IV chelation from an Alternative/Integrative medicine doctor may help remove heavy metals and get more oxygen to the brain. Vit B12 shots...HCl and enzymes with meals may help. I take 5000IU of Vit D3 daily....5000mcg of biotin, fish oil, evening primrose oil, ginkgo and much more. Best wishes.
    • Sandi 5 months ago
      I concur. I have chronic lyme, (other stuff) and colitis. not eating sugar, basically organic for me, and on supplements and 5000IU Vit D also. Hard to get outside for the past 6-8 months. Lots of good stuff re: this vitamin.
    • the wife 5 months ago
      Ladies please look into a full-spectrum light to sit under in the evenings. I got mine off Ebay for $65. It was worth every penny. I had chronic insomnia since my 20s and I'm near 60 now. These lamps work! Between the light and organic food I'm feeling better. I gave up most sugar from my diet as well. God Bless.
  • Kimberly  •  5 months ago
    I suffered from depression for many years. Found out I was pregnant, Dr did her normal lab work and found a vitamin D deficiency. I take 10K IU per day and no more depression. It's awesome cause the depression meds have terrible side affects and are uber expensive. Wish my psychiatrist had ran some lab work before drugging me with unneeded meds that didn't even work.
    • Calvin 5 months ago
      sounds like it would be worth a look depression is awful and the side effects of those meds are worse than the depression. i will be giveing it a try yesterday. what brand is the best and does it have to have calcium or can it be just D
    • Dan J 5 months ago
      you were pregnent for many years too?
    • Mark W 5 months ago
      Why do you think they call it "practicing"?
  • Icky  •  5 months ago
    As a kid, I was outside all day when I wasn't in school or church. Rain or snow or shine, we were out, unlike today's generation that prefer to sit in front of a cathode ray tube and fry their brains. I live in the great white north now and take 10,000 IUs of Vitamin D daily, not to mention what's in my calcium and vitamin supplements as well as the food and dairy intake daily. With all that, I'm barely on the low side of normal. It would be interesting to test the kids today and see where they're at.
    • adimrom 5 months ago
      Today........only rapist are gooing out.I have a 10 year old girl,she can't go outside,because this is how it is in USA,in other parts of the world is different.
    • Sandy_C 5 months ago
      All kids should play outdoors and if their parents go outside and play with them, that's even better. I have three kids and yes, they play outdoors, ride their bikes, play on the playground, jump on the trampoline in the back yard, etc. We watch them, they stick together and they are safe. I've had melanoma (caught in early) and you know when I got it? After I started to use sunscreen regularly. Coincidence? I wonder.
    • FrankB 5 months ago
      Used to be that rapists weren't given opportunities to have multiple victims. Today they can kill and still one day be considered for parole. We know the results of that strategy.
  • Siera Romero  •  5 months ago
    There is a HUGE difference in your body's ability to take Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3!. Always take Vitamin D3.
  • Hard worker  •  5 months ago
    i work in an office and don't see the sun very much. I have a skin disease no pigment in areas so I always burn. I don't use sunscreen unless I go to the beach. I was very deficient vitamin d and must take a supplement. I already have osteoporosis.
  • wayne  •  5 months ago
    D3 is very important! I went to my Psychiatrist thinking I was depressed and my doc ordered a D3 test before prescribing antidepressants. The blood test turned up I was one-third the level my doc wanted me at so he immediately put me on 50,000 IUs of D3 and within 30 days the symptoms were 99% gone!!! I am scheduled to have my blood retested in Feb. 2012 to see where the D3 levels are after taking the supplements. What a smart doctor who did the right thing instead of just prescribing an antidepressant!
    • Duke 5 months ago
      1000 IU's is the normal dosage
      you were taking a Toxic Amount...too much of a good thing
    • Zori 5 months ago
      He was prescribed that amount to get his levels up.Once they are up,I would think his Dr. would lower the dosage.If you read on,many of the comments where people are given a prescription,it's a much higher dose then one would normally take on a daily basis.Also,he didn't mention how often he takes them.
    • Jeannette 5 months ago
      My Dr. prescribe me 50,000 1 x a week. Since i been taking Vit D i feel great...
  • Sam  •  5 months ago
    I didn't know until I had blood work done that I was low on vitamin D, I was so low that I'm on 50,000 units of vitamin D, one tablet a week for twelve weeks then will have my blood checked again and if everything is OK then I'll take one Vitamin D3, 2000 units a day. I don't know what the symptoms are suppose to be to know you are low on vitamin D, its a good thing my doctor took some blood and checked. Plus I take calcium everyday because I have the starting of osteoporosis starting in one hip, but at my last bone density test it showed that my bones are getting stronger.
  • Julie  •  5 months ago
    It is extrememely hard to "overdose" on vit D. You would literally have to take over 10,000 units for months at a time. And anyone taking excessive amounts of vit's should be doing it w the supervison of a dr. anyway.
    B/c I was very deficent in vit D, my dr had me take 10,000 units for 4 months before my levels were normal. I am now taking 5K a day but it's checked every few months.
    If you don't know if you are deficient or not, have your dr check your levels when you get your annual exam.
    My dr said most people should take 1-2K a day with no worries of reaching toxicity.
  • Charlie  •  5 months ago
    I was diagnosed with MS (Multiple Sclerosis) a few months and my Doc told me to take a Vit D suppliment they are seeing people with MS are more likely to be Vit D deficient. No it won't cure the MS but supposed to help slow the progression of MS.
  • Hector  •  5 months ago
    Studies also show that vitamin D can help fight the flu. Some researchers believe that flu is more prevalent in winter because people are stuck indoors and sunlight is weaker than other time in the year so people don't get enough vitamin D.
  • coolbeans77  •  5 months ago
    Health professionals have scared everyone away from sun exposure by exaggerated threats of skin cancer. This is why we have these defficiencies. Supplements are not absorbed by the body well. Best way is to get it from the sun.

    Humans have been living in the sun for centuries. Get out there and absorb some Vitamin D!
  • slimster  •  5 months ago
    so doctor, do I wear sunblock to prevent skin cancer or do I risk that for Vitamin D? The fact is that every body is different and these are really best guesses based on a general sample of individuals... nothing is absolute in medicine or health science
  • nin04  •  5 months ago
    I understand that vitamin D deficiency can also increase levels of pain especially for those with fibromyalgia
  • toni  •  5 months ago
    @S, I was diagnosed with MS in 2001, and after doing some research, I read upon the symptoms of a vitamin D deficiency and noted how I walked better and faster after sitting in the sun for about 30 minutes, and since 2007, I've been taking a supplement of 10,000 iu a day, for a couple of months there I was taking 13,000 a day--I'm doing GREAT!
  • JohnA  •  5 months ago
    Living in the frozen Tundra of Canada, 20 minute walk would kill you. This cursed place hardly gets any sunlight. We are almost always in dark. I used to think hell was fire and brimstone. It is actually a frozen palce where people have turned into icicles. You would recognize the canadian in hell. He is the one who refuses to go home.
  • susan  •  5 months ago
    You also forgot all of the night shift workers.... they especially at this time of the year suffer! they get off work and it is dawn and it's time to go to bed, and then when they get up in the afternoon, it's sunset....I worked night shift for 7 years and a vitamin D suppliment really helped my mood.
  • hello  •  5 months ago
    wow, does anyone see the connection between all these diseases becoming "epidemic" since the inception of sunscreen (coppertone, baby's butt cheek showing)? gee, melanoma is epidemic today too, hmmm how can that be if we use sunscreen? Oh, thats right, if you dont have vitamin d...says so in this article..I can't help but wonder, and I hope this makes all of you wonder too...Big money corporations make us believe (fear) the sun is bad for us, then they come out with all these products we must purchase to "protect" ourselves (and make billions), then low and behold, they come out with drugs to replace what they took away from our body "naturally" (making even more and more billions - and lets not forget all the doctors, treatments, surgery's, those bilions made after we have all these diseases because we were told the sun is bad, sunscreen is good) and gee, then they come out with these findings after the damage is already done..are you using SPF 100 on yourself or you newborns...I'd think twice if you are..can someone explain to me how our forefathers worked in direct sun for 12 hours a day, in the dead of the summer, for decades farming, before sunscreen...we had very little cancers back then didnt we, did melanoma even exist? did osteo exist (other than in the very very old) hmm..
    Oh, and please dont come back with global warming, we still need natural d (sunlight/real food) for our bodies to fight off these diseases...I hope this makes at least one person think about what they put in their bodies and on their bodies...millions would be better...
  • KathyP  •  5 months ago
    I am 55 and have recently been having issues with being tired and generally feeling bad. they have tested my heart, lungs, thyroid, cholestoral, and done the general tests, mammogram, etc. Nothing so far. Maybe this is the answer. I do tend to stay in the house more and have for the past few years. I wil try this.
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