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    How Healthy is Your Diet, Really?

    By Nicole Catanese, Illustrations by Ammiel Mendoza, Refinery29
    Healthy eating is very near and dear to our hearts here at R29. We're big proponents of the old adage that you are what you eat, so we do everything we can to know everything we can about our diets.

    With that in mind, we asked a few of our favorite food experts to weigh in on seven of the most popular diets among the health-obsessed - vegan, vegetarian, gluten-free, paleo, high-protein, raw, and macrobiotic - to give you the inside scoop on what they really do to your body. In the epic guide ahead, you'll find a breakdown of each diet, plus its nutritional pros and cons.

    We get that for many of you on these diets, the choice may be about more than just about eating. So, hear us now: We don't intend for this to be a competition of which diet is best. This guide is here to do just that - guide you to make informed, healthy decisions about your dietary needs. And, as always, remember that there are no one-size-fits-all food solutions, and you should always talk to a medical professional - be it a nutritionist or your GP - about your specific diet requirements.

    But, if you've ever been curious about all that hype around veganism, or if you want to find out if Gwyneth's macrobiotic plan really is as amazing as she claims, this one's for you....

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    1. Photo by: R29
      Vegetarian

      What It Is
      Not eating meat and poultry - so no red meat, chicken, turkey, pork, or fish. However, there are subsets and breakout classifications, i.e. pesceterian (those who eat fish).

      Pros
      If you stick to the core of vegetarianism, you'll load up on fruits and veggies. This means a high-alkaline diet, which many experts say is the perfect environment for fighting disease. Depending on where you fall on the vegetarian... more 
      Photo by: R29
      Vegetarian

      What It Is
      Not eating meat and poultry - so no red meat, chicken, turkey, pork, or fish. However, there are subsets and breakout classifications, i.e. pesceterian (those who eat fish).

      Pros
      If you stick to the core of vegetarianism, you'll load up on fruits and veggies. This means a high-alkaline diet, which many experts say is the perfect environment for fighting disease. Depending on where you fall on the vegetarian spectrum, you aren't necessarily skipping animal by-products entirely, so you can still load up on calcium, iron, and protein from eggs - also a great source for B12, experts say - as well as calcium-rich dairy. And if you want to top off your iron intake, Williams suggests not only eating iron-rich foods such as dark leafy greens, but also using this easy iron-boosting trick when cooking: Make veggies in a cast-iron skillet - some iron leaches out into the food that you are cooking. Sneaky!

      Cons
      "Eating meat in moderation isn't bad for you, plus it's a great source of protein and iron," says St. Pierre. "And animal-derived iron is easier for the body to digest than plant-based sources." Many experts don't suggest substituting tofu or soy-based products to get protein because so many can be either GMO or high in estrogen-like compounds. Swap in smart protein subs such as eggs, seeds, nuts, cheese, yogurt, peas and asparagus.
      less 

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